4 Ways to Know If a Power Transformer Is Damaged

Transformers serve different purposes. One is reducing or increasing power voltage and current before transmitting the power to where it is needed. A faulty transformer causes power cuts or an inadequate power supply to a building. That means significant disruption of operations, particularly in commercial facilities. Although power transformers should be strictly handled by a licenced electrician, you can look out for signs of damage to confirm whether the outage results from your power transformer. Here are the four ways to do it.

1. The Exterior Surface Is Charred

Burn marks and bulges on the transformer's body are signs of an internal problem. They signify overheating or damage to the transformer's circuitry or windings. In most cases, overheating arises from increased temperatures or shorting on the wire windings. It can also be due to the overloading of the equipment. 

2. No or Weak Outgoing Voltage 

This is the best way to know if your transformer is faulty. First, check whether there is a voltage on the incoming voltage points. If it's there and still there is no voltage, the power transformer is damaged. Sometimes, the voltage might be available but weak, which still indicates a malfunction. 

Moreover, you can confirm this problem by turning the power transformer on and off and measuring the current or voltage each time. Use power meters or check meters in the connection points. Check the reading to see if the amount of power reaches the required transformer output. 

3. Cut or Charred Wiring 

Transformers usually have two windings that carry power. Usually, checking for charred wire windings is risky and is best left to a trained electrician. The process requires disassembling of the unit to perform the test. That's why you should not attempt to do it. 

You'll find charred or burned wire windings in a faulty transformer, which are brown or black. Cut windings also indicate a significant problem that needs either rewinding of the transformer or a complete replacement of the unit.

4. Blown Up Circuit Components 

Apart from the wire windings, power transformers have other components. These include transistors, capacitors and resistors placed on the circuit board or otherwise. You can replace the components when they blow up. To find out which part is at fault, check if there are any signs of burning or charring on the circuit board itself. Most times, a blown-up component is torn to pieces. 

Power transformers can be repaired by rewinding, replacing faulty circuit components or replacing the connector cable and casing. Otherwise, extensive damage requires replacing the entire unit. When you suspect a problem, contact a power transformer company for further diagnosis. 

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